2018 至今 南京大学 生命科学学院，教授
2013 - 2014 Wageningen University，访问学者
2012 - 2017 南京大学 生命科学学院，副教授
2007 - 2012 南京大学 生命科学学院，讲师
教育经历
2002 - 2007 南京大学 生命科学学院，博士
1998 - 2002 南京大学 生命科学学院，本科
研究方向为生态系统的稳定性与韧性。综合遥感、空间分析、统计模型、动力学模型和实验等多种研究手段，在宏观尺度上研究气候变化与人类活动影响以及临界转换与自组织等复杂性机理如何共同塑造系统稳定性与韧性；并将基础研究转化为现实生态问题解决方案，重点关注脆弱生态系统（如湿地生态系统与干旱区生态系统等）的退化与恢复，以及人类-自然耦合系统（如城市生态系统）的可持续性等问题。
研究主题及其近期代表成果：
气候变化与社会—生态系统韧性：
1. Xu, C.*, Kohler, T., Lenton, T. M., Svenning, J.-C., Scheffer, M.*, 2020. Future of the Human Climate Niche. PNAS. 117: 11350-11355.
- Highlighted in “PNAS in this week”；
- ESI 1% 高引论文；
- Altmetric 指数= 5410；
- Nature Index 2020年5月最受关注论文（Rank 5/5）；
- Carbon Brief 2020年气候科学最受关注论文（Rank 2/10）；
- Recommended in Faculty Opinions；
- 被IPCC AR6 （working group II）、世界卫生组织（WHO）、世界银行（World Bank）、国际货币基金组织（IMF）、世界移民组织（IOM）、经合组织（OECD）、亚洲开发银行（ADB）、国际科学院间伙伴关系组织（IAP）等机构作为政策依据；
- 江苏省自然科学百篇优秀学术成果论文.
2. Lenton, T. M.#*, Xu, C.#*, Abrams, J. F., Ghadiali, A., Loriani, S., Sakschewski, B., Zimm, C., Ebi, K. L., Dunn, R. R., Svenning, J.-C., Scheffer, M. 2023. Quantifying the human cost of global warming. Nature Sustainability. 6: 1237-1247.
- ESI 0.1% hot paper；
- Carbon Brief 2022年气候科学最受关注论文（Rank 8/10）;
- Altmetric 指数= 4058（Rank 1st in Nature Sustainability）.
- 被IUCN、UNEP、UN Human Development Report、World Bank等机构作为政策依据；
3. Li, Y., Svenning, J.-C., Zhou, W., Zhu, K., Abrams, J. F., Lenton, T. M., Ripple, W. J., Yu, Z., Teng, S. N.*, Dunn, R.R.*, Xu, C.* (2024). Green spaces provide substantial but unequal urban cooling globally. Nature Communications, 15, 7108.
- ESI 0.1% hot paper；
- High attention Altmetric score (99th percentile);
4. Teng, S.N.*, Xu, C.*, Teng, L., Svenning, J.-C.* 2020. Long-term effects of cultural filtering on megafauna species distributions across China. PNAS. 117: 486-493.
- High attention Altmetric score (96th percentile);
- Covered by EurekAlert!, etc.
-《望见山水——绿水青山生态兴》（央视纪录片，2023）报道.
胁迫生态系统的空间自组织与韧性：
5. Wang, B., Zhang, K., Liu, Q.-X.*, He, Q., Van de Koppel, J., Teng, S. N., Miao, X., Liu, M., Bertness, M. D., Xu, C.* 2022. Long-distance facilitation of coastal ecosystem structure and resilience. PNAS. 119: e2123274119.
- Highlighted in Nature Ecology and Evolution;
- Recommended in Faculty Opinions.
6. Zhang, K., Yan, J., He, Q., Xu, C.*, Van de Koppel, J., Wang, B., Cui, B.*, Liu, Q.-X. 2023. Self-organized mud cracking amplifies the resilience of an iconic “Red Beach” salt marsh. Science Advances. 9: eabq3520.
- Highlight paper in Science Advances;
- Interviewed by Science podcast.
7. Hu, W., Cui, L., Delgado-Baquerizo, M., Solé, R., Kéfi, S., Berdugo, M., Xu, N., Wang, B, Liu, Q.-X.*, Xu, C.* 2025. Causes and consequences of disordered hyperuniformity in global drylands. PNAS. 122: e2504496122.
生态系统的临界转换：
9. Xu, C., Vergnon, R., Cornelissen, J., Hantson, S., Holmgren, M., Van Nes, E. H., Scheffer, M.* 2015. Temperate forest and open landscapes are distinct alternative states as reflected in canopy height and tree cover. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 30: 501-502.
10. Xu, C.*, Van Nes, E. H., Holmgren, M. Kéfi, S., Scheffer, M. 2015. Local facilitation may cause tipping points on a landscape level preceded by early warning indicators. American Naturalist. 186: E81-E90.
期刊审稿：Nature, PNAS, Nature Climate Change, Nature Communications, Nature Food, Nature Computational Science, Nature Cities, Nature Human Behaviour, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Current Biology, Ecology Letters, Ecology, Proceedings of Royal Society B, Ecography, Global Ecology and Biogeography, Global Change Biology, Global Planetary Change, Journal of Applied Ecology, Ecosystems, Environmental Research Letters, Geographical Research Letters, Limnology and Oceanography, Biological Conservation, BioScience, Landscape Ecology, etc.
Selected Publications
2024
Li, Y., Svenning, J.-C., Zhou, W., Zhu, K., Abrams, J. F., Lenton, T. M., Ripple, W. J., Yu, Z., Teng, S. N.*, Dunn, R.R.*, Xu, C.* (2024). Green spaces provide substantial but unequal urban cooling globally. Nature Communications. 15: 7108.
Ma, X., Zheng, G.*, Xu, C.*, Moskal, L. M., Gong, P., Guo, Q., et al. (2024). A global product of 150-m urban building height based on spaceborne lidar. Scientific Data. 11: 1387.
Scheffer, M.*, Adger, W. N., Carpenter, S. R., Folke, C., Lenton, T., Vince, G., Westley, F., Xu, C. (2024). Anticipating the global redistribution of people and property. One Earth: 7: 1151-1154.
Ripple, W. J.*, Wolf, C.*, Gregg, J. W., Rockström, J., Mann, M. E., Oreskes, N., et al. (2024). The 2024 state of the climate report: Perilous times on planet Earth. BioScience. 74: 812-824.
Yin, S.#, Xu, C.#, Zhang, Y., de Boer, W. F., Mundkur, T., Artois, J., ... & Huang, Z. Y. X.* (2024). Strong and consistent effects of waterbird composition on HPAI H5 occurrences across Europe. Ecological Applications. 34: e3010.
Stavi, I.*, Xu, C., Argaman, E. (2024). Climate-smart forestry in the world’s drylands: A review of challenges and opportunities. The Anthropocene Review. 11: 67-90.
Qian, G., Zhang, L. *, Chen, Y., Xu, C. (2024). Fish microplastic ingestion may induce tipping points of aquatic ecosystems. Journal of Animal Ecology. 93: 45-56.
2023
Lenton, T. M.*, Xu, C.*, Abrams, J. F., Ghadiali, A., Loriani, S., Sakschewski, B., Zimm, C., Ebi, K. L., Dunn, R. R., Svenning J.-C., Scheffer, M. (2023). Quantifying the human cost of global warming. Nature Sustainability. 6: 1237-1247.
Zhang, K., Yan, J., He, Q., Xu, C.*, Van de Koppel, J., Wang, B., Cui, B.*, Liu, Q.-X. (2023). Self-organized mud cracking amplifies the resilience of an iconic “Red Beach” salt marsh. Science Advances. 9: eabq3520.
Scheffer, M., van Nes, E. H., Kemp, L., Kohler, T. A., Lenton, T. M., Xu, C. (2023). The vulnerability of aging states: A survival analysis across premodern societies. PNAS. 120: e2218834120.
Teng, S.N.*, Svenning, J.-C., Xu, C.* (2023). Large mammals and trees in eastern monsoonal China: anthropogenic losses since the Late Pleistocene and restoration prospects in the Anthropocene. Biological Reviews. 98: 1607-1632.
Rockström, J., Gupta, J., Qin, D., Lade, S. J., Abrams, J. F. et al. (2023). Safe and just Earth system boundaries. Nature. 619: 102-111.
Ripple, W. J.*, Wolf, C., Gregg, J. W., Rockström, J., Newsome, T. M., Law, B. E., Marques, L., Lenton, T. M., Xu, C., Huq, S., Simons, L., King, S. D. A. (2023). The 2023 state of the climate report: Entering uncharted territory. BioScience, 73: 841-850.
Zhao, Q.*, Van den Brink, P. J., Xu, C., Wang, S., Clark, A. T., Karakoç, C., Sugihara, G., Widdicombe, C. E., Atkinson, A., Matsuzaki, S.-i. S., Shinohara, R., He, S., Wang, Y. X. G., De Laender, F. (2023). Relationships of temperature and biodiversity with stability of natural aquatic food webs. Nature Communications. 14: 3507.
Rotbarth, R.*, Van Nes, E. H., Scheffer, M., Jepsen, J. U., Vindstad, O. P. L., Xu, C., Holmgren, M. (2023). Northern expansion is not compensating for southern declines in North American boreal forests. Nature Communications. 14: 3373.
Yin, S., Li, N., Xu, W., Becker, D. J., de Boer, W. F., Xu, C., et al. (2023). Functional traits explain waterbirds' host status, subtype richness, and community‐level infection risk for avian influenza. Ecology Letters. 26: 1780-1791.
Sun, Y. F., Guo, Y., Xu, C., Liu, Y., Zhao, X., Liu, Q., Jeppesen, E., Wang, H., Xie, P. (2023). Will “Air Eutrophication” Increase the Risk of Ecological Threat to Public Health?. Environmental Science & Technology. 57: 10512-10520.
Li, L., Teng, S. N., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, H., Santana, J., Reino, L., Abades, S., Svenning, J.-C., Xu, C.* (2023). Neighbourhood landscape context shapes local species richness patterns across continents. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 32: 867-880.
Wu, D.#, Xu, C.#, Wang, S., Zhang, L.*, Kortsch, S. (2023). Why are biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships so elusive? Trophic interactions may amplify ecosystem function variability. Journal of Animal Ecology. 92: 367-376.
Miao, X., Pan, Y., Chen, H., Zhang, M.-J., Hu, W., Li, Y., Wu, R., Wang, P., Fang, S., Niu, K., Xu, C.*, Teng, S.N.* (2023). Understanding spontaneous biodiversity in informal urban green spaces: A local-landscape filtering framework with a test on wall plants. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 86: 127996.
Ma, X., Zheng, G.*, Xu, C., Yang, L., Geng, Q., Li, J., Qiao, Y. (2023). Mapping fine-scale building heights in urban agglomeration with spaceborne lidar. Remote Sensing of Environment. 285: 113392.
2022
Wang, B., Zhang, K., Liu, Q.-X.*, He, Q., Van de Koppel, J., Teng, S. N., Miao, X., Liu, M., Bertness, M. D., Xu, C.* (2022). Long-distance facilitation of coastal ecosystem structure and resilience. PNAS. 119: e2123274119.
Kemp, L.*, Xu, C., Depledge, J., Ebi, K. L., Gibbins, G., Kohler, T. A., Rockström, J., Scheffer, M., Schellnhuber, H. J., Steffen, W., Lenton, T. M. (2022). Climate Endgame: Exploring catastrophic climate change scenarios. PNAS. 119: e2108146119.
Chen, B.J.W., Teng, S.N., Zheng, G., Cui, L., Li, S.-P., Staal, A., Eitel, J.U.H., Crowther, T.W., Berdugo, M., Mo, L., Ma, H., Bialic-Murphy, L., Zohner, C.M., Maynard, D., Averill, C., Zhang, J., He, Q., Evers, J.B., Anten, N.P.R., Yizhaq, H., Stavi, I., Argaman, E., Basson, U., Xu, Z., Zhang, M.-J., Niu, K., Liu, Q.-X., Xu, C.* (2022). Inferring plant-plant interactions using remote sensing. Journal of Ecology. 110: 2268-2287.
Huang, H., Xu, C., Liu, Q.-X.* (2022). 'Social distancing’ between plants may amplify coastal restoration at early stage. Journal of Applied Ecology. 59: 188-198.
Chen, S., Zhang, Y.*, Xu, C., Cao, L., Huang, Z.Y., Li, C., Chen, B.J., Lu, C., Xu, W., Song, Y., de Boer, W.F. (2022). Neighbourhood threats: landscape context and anthropogenic changes can trigger waterbird population collapse. Landscape Ecology. 37: 3141-3158.
Wang, H., Wang, P., Xu, C., Sun, Y., Shi, L., Zhou, L., Jeppesen, E., Chen, J., Xie, P*. (2022). Can the “10-year fishing ban” rescue biodiversity of the Yangtze River? The Innovation. 3: 100235.
滕漱清, 徐志伟, 鹿化煜, 徐驰*. (2022). 过去四万年我国东部季风区大型动物的减少与灭绝：原因、后果及启示. 中国科学: 生命科学. 3: 418-431.
2021
Mirza, M. U.*, Xu, C., Van Bavel, B., van Nes, E. H., Scheffer, M.* (2021). Global inequality remotely sensed. PNAS. 118: e1919913118.
Ren, J., Chen, J., Xu, C., Van de Koppel, J., Thomsen, M. S., Qiu, S., Cheng, F., Song, W., Liu, Q.-X., Xu, C., Bai, J., Zhang, Y., Cui, B., Bertness, M. D., Silliman, B. R., Li, B., He, Q.* (2021) An invasive species erodes the performance of coastal wetland protected areas. Science Advances. 7: eabi8943.
Li, J., Holmgren, M.*, Xu, C.* (2021). Greening vs browning? Surface water cover mediates how tundra and boreal ecosystems respond to climate warming. Environmental Research Letters. 16: 104004.
Wang, H.#, Xu, C.#, Liu, Y.#, Jeppesen, E., Svenning, J. C., Wu, J., Zhang, W., Zhou, T., Wang, P., Nangombe, S., Ma, J., Duan, H., Fang, J. Xie, P*. (2021). From unusual suspect to serial killer: Cyanotoxins boosted by climate change may jeopardize megafauna. The Innovation. 2: 100092.
Wang, H., Wang, P., Zhao, X., Zhang, W., Li, J., Xu, C., Xie, P.* (2021). What triggered the Asian elephant's northward migration across southwestern Yunnan? The Innovation. 2: 100142.
2020
Xu, C.*, Kohler, T. A., Lenton, T. M., Svenning, J.-C., Scheffer, M.* (2020). Future of the human climate niche. PNAS. 117: 11350-11355.
Teng, S.N.*, Xu, C.*, Teng, L., Svenning, J.-C.* (2020). Long-term effects of cultural filtering on megafauna species distributions across China. PNAS. 117: 486-493.
Xu, Z.*, Mason, J. A., Xu, C., Yi, S., Bathiany, S., Yizhaq, H., Zhou, Y., Cheng, J., Holmgren, M., Lu, H. (2020). Critical transitions in Chinese dunes during the past 1,2000 years. Science Advances. 6: eaay8020.
Teng, S.N.*, Svenning, J.-C., Santana, J., Reino, L., Abades, S., Xu, C.* (2020). Linking landscape ecology and macroecology by scaling biodiversity in space and time. Current Landscape Ecology Reports. 5: 25-34.
Chen, B.J.W.*, Xu, C.*, Liu, M.S., Huang, Z.Y.X., Zhang, M.J., Tang, J., Anten, N. P. (2020). Neighbourhood-dependent root distributions and the consequences on root separation in arid ecosystems. Journal of Ecology. 108: 635-1648.
徐驰*, 王海军, 刘权兴, 王博. (2020). 生态系统的多稳态与突变. 生物多样性. 28: 1417-1430.
2019
Zhao, Q., Van den Brink, P.J.*, Carpentier, C., Wang, Y.X., Rodríguez-Sánchez, P., Xu, C., Vollbrecht, S., Gillissen, F., Vollebregt, M., Wang, S., De Laender, F. (2019). Horizontal and vertical diversity jointly shape food web stability against small and large perturbations. Ecology Letters. 22: 1152-1162.
Zhao, L.-X., Xu, C.*, Ge, Z.-M., Van de Koppel, J., Liu, Q.-X.* (2019). The shaping role of self-organization: linking vegetation patterning, plant traits and ecosystem functioning. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 286: 20182859.
Huang, Z. Y. X.*, Xu, C.*, Van Langevelde, F., Ma, Y., Langendoen, T., Mundkur, T., Si, Y., Tian, H., Kraus, R., Gilbert, M., Han, G., Ji, X., Prins, H., de Boer, W. (2019). Contrasting effects of host species and phylogenetic diversity on the occurrence of HPAI H5N1 in European wild birds. Journal of Animal Ecology. 88: 1044-1053.
Bernardi, R.E.*, Staal, A., Xu, C., Scheffer, M., Holmgren, M. (2019). Livestock Herbivory shapes fire regimes and vegetation structure across the global tropics. Ecosystems. 22: 1457-1465.
2018
Scheffer, M.*, Xu, C.*, Hantson, S., Holmgren, M., Los, S.O., Van Nes, E. H. (2018). A global climate niche for giant trees. Global Change Biology. 24: 2875-2883.
Staal, A., Van Nes, E.H., Hantson, S., Holmgren, M., Dekker, S.C., Pueyo, S., Xu, C., Scheffer, M. (2018). Resilience of tropical tree cover: The roles of climate, fire, and herbivory. Global Change Biology. 24: 5096-5109.
Teng, S. N.*, Xu, C., Sandel, B., Svenning, J.-C. (2018). Effects of intrinsic sources of spatial autocorrelation on spatial regression modelling. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. 9: 363-72.
Luan, X.L., Buyantuev, A., Baur, A.H., Kleinschmit, B., Wang, H., Wei, S., Liu, M., Xu, C.* (2018). Linking greenhouse gas emissions to urban landscape structure: the relevance of spatial and thematic resolutions of land use/cover data. Landscape Ecology. 33: 1211-1224.
2017
Flores, B. M.*, Holmgren, M., Xu, C., Van Nes, E. H., Jakovac, C. C., Mesquita, R. C. G., Scheffer, M. (2017). Floodplains as an Achilles’ heel of Amazonian forest resilience. PNAS. 114: 4442-4446.
Tao, T., Abades, S., Huang, Z., Reino, L., Teng, S., Chen, B., Zhang, Y., Xu. C.*, Svenning, J.-C. (2017). Macroecological factors shape local-scale spatial patterns in agriculturalist settlements. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 284: 20172003.
Reino, L., Ferreira, M., Martínez-Solano, Í., Segurado, P., Xu, C., Barbosa, M. A. (2017). Favourable areas for co-occurrence of parapatric species: Niche conservatism and niche divergence in Iberian tree frogs and midwife toads. Journal of Biogeography. 44: 88-98.
2016 and before
Xu, C.*, Hantson, S., Holmgren, M., Van Nes, E. H., Staal, A., Scheffer, M. (2016). Remotely sensed canopy height reveals three pantropical ecosystem states. Ecology. 97: 2518-2521.
Staal, A.*, Dekker, S. C., Xu, C., Van Nes, E. H. (2016). Bistability, spatial interaction, and the distribution of tropical forests and savannas. Ecosystems. 19: 1080-1091.
Xu, C., Vergnon, R., Cornelissen, J., Hantson, S., Holmgren, M., Van Nes, E. H., Scheffer, M.* (2015). Temperate forest and open landscapes are distinct alternative states as reflected in canopy height and tree cover. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 30: 501-502.
Xu, C.*, Holmgren, M., Van Nes, E. H., Maestre, F. T., Soliveres, S., Berdugo, M., Kefi, S., Marquet, P. A., Abades S., Scheffer, M. (2015). Can we infer plant facilitation from remote sensing? A test across global drylands. Ecological Applications. 25: 1456-1462.
Xu, C.*, Van Nes, E. H., Holmgren, M. Kefi, S., Scheffer, M. (2015). Local facilitation may cause tipping points on a landscape level preceded by early warning indicators. American Naturalist. 186: E81-E90.
Xu, C.*, Chen, B. J. W., Abades, S., Reino, L., Teng, S., Ljungqvist, F. C., Huang, Z.Y.X., Liu, M. (2015). Macroecological factors explain large-scale spatial population patterns of ancient agriculturalists. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 24: 1030-1039.
Scheffer, M.*, Vergnon, R., Cornelissen, J., Hantson, S., Holmgren, M., van Nes, E. H., Xu, C. (2014). Why trees and shrubs but rarely trubs? Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 29: 433-434.
Xu, C., Huang, Z. Y. X., Chi, T., Chen, B. J. W., Zhang, M., Liu, M.* (2014). Can local landscape attributes explain species richness patterns at macroecological scales? Global Ecology and Biogeography. 23: 436-445.
Huang Z. Y. X.*, de Boer W. F., van Langevelde, F., Xu, C., Jebara, K. B., Berlingieri, F., Prins, H. H. (2013). Dilution effect in bovine tuberculosis: risk factors for regional disease occurrence in Africa. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 280: 20130624.
Xu, C., Liu, M.*, Hong, C., Chi, T., An, S., Yang, X. (2012). Temporal variation of characteristic scales in urban landscapes: an insight into the evolving internal structures of China’s two largest cities. Landscape Ecology. 27: 1063-1074.
Xu, C., Li, Y., Hu, J., Yang, X., Sheng, S., Liu, M. (2012). Evaluating the difference between the normalized difference vegetation index and net primary productivity as the indicators of vegetation vigor assessment at landscape scale. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 184: 1275-1286.
Xu, C., Liu, M., An, S., Chen, J.M., Yan, P. (2007). Assessing the impact of urbanization on regional net primary productivity in Jiangyin County, China. Journal of Environmental Management. 85: 597-606.
Xu, C., Liu, M.*, Zhang, C., An, S., Yu, W., Chen, J. M. (2007). The spatiotemporal dynamics of rapid urban growth in the Nanjing metropolitan region of China. Landscape Ecology. 22: 925-937.
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